By Scout Nelson
Johne’s disease is one of the most concerning health challenges in the cattle industry today. It is a slow, progressive bacterial disease that affects both beef and dairy cattle, leading to long-term economic losses and animal health issues.
In a recent episode of Cattle HQ, Robin Salverson, SDSU Extension Cow Calf Field Specialist, sat down with Dr. Russ Daly, Extension Veterinarian and Professor at South Dakota State University, to discuss why producers should pay close attention to this disease.
Dr. Daly explains that Johne’s disease is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. The infection targets the animal’s intestinal tract, slowly damaging it over time.
Infected cattle often show signs such as weight loss, diarrhea, and reduced milk production, even while continuing to eat normally. Unfortunately, once the disease becomes visible, it is usually too late to reverse its effects.
The disease is mainly spread through contact with manure, contaminated milk, or infected soil. Calves are particularly vulnerable, often becoming infected shortly after birth through contaminated feed or water. Because the bacteria can survive for months in the environment, controlling its spread requires consistent management and sanitation practices.
Dr. Daly emphasizes testing as a critical step in managing Johne’s. Regular herd testing helps producers identify infected animals early and prevent further transmission. Producers can also use biosecurity measures, including separating young calves from infected cows and maintaining clean calving areas.
By improving awareness, testing regularly, and adopting strong herd health practices, producers can reduce Johne’s disease risks and protect their operations. As Dr. Daly highlights, prevention remains the most effective strategy to maintain herd productivity and health.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-erdinhasdemir
Categories: South Dakota, Livestock, Beef Cattle