Cover Crops Help Land and Wildlife Thrive

By Scout Nelson

Farmers in South Dakota are seeing clear signs that soil health practices help both the land and wildlife. During fall harvest, increased pheasant activity in fields shows how cover crops and habitat work can support local wildlife while improving long-term farm productivity.

Craig and Gene Stehly, farmers near Mitchell, South Dakota, plant corn in a pattern that leaves open rows for cover crops. These green strips remain active throughout fall and offer food and shelter for pheasants, deer, and other wildlife. The brothers see these benefits as they continue to build healthier soil on their farms.

They plant two rows of corn and skip the next row. In June, they spread a mix of crimson clover, radish, oats, and annual rye grass into the open strip. These plants protect soil, support soil microbes, and add diversity to the field. Clover also helps add nitrogen back into the soil, reducing fertilizer needs for the next season.

Cover crops give wildlife places to hide and find food. They also help farmers integrate livestock by allowing animals to graze while giving pastureland time to rest and recover. Experts from South Dakota Game, Fish and Parks note that diverse cover crop mixes help young pheasants survive by providing insects and protection.

The Stehly family has seen major changes over time. When they returned to the farm decades ago, the pheasants were almost gone. Habitat loss after conservation programs ended in the 1970s led to a severe decline. Today, the brothers focus on rebuilding habitats while improving farm profits.

They plant more cover crops, build pollinator areas, and convert low-yield acres into native grasses. Through Every Acres Counts program, they remove unproductive acres like wetlands and saline areas from crop production. These areas now support diverse plants and strong wildlife activity.

Even small areas of habitat can improve yields and support wildlife. Conservation partners help farmers find programs that fit their goals. With most South Dakota privately owned, landowners play an important role in protecting wildlife.

The Stehly family shows that soil health, strong habitat, and profitable farming can work together to create lasting benefits for the land and community.

Photo Credit: gettyimages-mvburling