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Avian Influenza spread raises health concerns

Avian Influenza spread raises health concerns


By Jamie Martin

As the H5N1 avian influenza outbreak nears its fourth year, a new variant, clade 2.3.4.4b, has raised alarms due to its potential to infect mammals and mutate into a form transmissible between humans. While the current risk remains low, experts stress the need for proactive measures to prevent a pandemic.

In Oregon, the virus recently spread to pigs on a mixed-species farm. Genetic analysis traced the infection to migratory birds, not other livestock, highlighting biosecurity gaps. Oregon State Veterinarian Dr. Ryan Scholz noted that shared water sources and housing likely facilitated transmission.

Vaccination trials for poultry and cattle are ongoing, though challenges include trade restrictions and the risk of vaccine-resistant strains. Dr. Les Sims advocated for swift action, stating, “Vaccination can dramatically reduce infection rates in poultry, prevent wildlife spillovers, and ultimately safeguard human health.”

The USDA and CDC emphasize biosecurity as the best defence against H5N1. Surveillance programs and public health advisories aim to curb the virus’s spread while monitoring mutations that could escalate risks.

As outbreaks persist across livestock, robust biosecurity measures and research remain essential to safeguarding public health and food systems. For more information, visit the USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.

Photo Credit: usda


Categories: National

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