By Scout Nelson
Winter weather conditions play an important role in shaping spring grazing decisions across South Dakota. So far, the dormant season remains warmer and drier than average in many areas. Most regions receive less than normal precipitation, while soils remain unfrozen in several locations. These conditions allow moisture to leave the soil faster than usual.
Low winter moisture reduces soil water recharge that supports early plant growth. Warm temperatures and thawed soils increase evaporative demand, often described as the land’s thirst. When this demand stays high, soil moisture declines even before spring begins. This places grass and forage plants at a disadvantage during green up.
Dormant season precipitation, especially snowfall, is important in northern states. Snow helps protect soil from temperature changes and slows moisture loss. However, snowfall provides limited water, as ten inches of snow equals only about one inch of rain. Without enough moisture since October, soil may enter spring already dry.
Spring rainfall is usually the most important factor for forage production in the Northern Great Plains. Yet winter moisture determines how strong the starting point is. When soils begin the season to dry, spring growth may be delayed, and total forage production may be lower.
Current climate outlooks suggest equal chances for normal precipitation and cooler temperatures in the coming months. This means reduced moisture from earlier months may not be fully replaced. Regular monitoring of rainfall and soil conditions remains essential.
Winter is a good time for producers to reflect and plan. Evaluating past forage production, current pasture condition, feed supplies, and herd flexibility helps prepare for uncertainty. Producers should consider how long livestock can be fed if forage growth is delayed and whether reducing herd size could ease pressure.
Planning ahead for drought improves resilience. Managing forage supply and livestock demand early allows producers to respond calmly instead of facing difficult decisions later. Proactive planning strengthens long-term business stability.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-imaginegolf
Categories: South Dakota, Livestock, Weather