By Scout Nelson
As the winter season approaches, farmers managing spring-calving herds often shift focus to grazing growing calves on winter ranges. The nutritional challenges of this season are significant, with winter range typically offering only 49 to 52% total digestible nutrients and 5% to 7% crude protein.
To support the higher nutritional demands of growing calves, compared to mature cows, additional protein and energy supplementation is crucial.
A crucial factor in selecting the right supplement is evaluating the cost per pound of protein. For instance, comparing alfalfa, Modified Distillers Grains + Solubles (MDGS), and range cubes reveals significant differences in cost-effectiveness. The ideal choice balances nutritional value with affordability.
Understanding the dietary needs of calves is key. A growing calf's diet includes metabolizable protein, essential for both rumen microbial growth and bodily development. These requirements vary based on the calf's age, weight, and targeted growth rate, typically aimed between 0.5 to 1.5 pounds per day. As the calf grows, these nutritional needs increase.
For example, a 500-pound steer has different crude protein and energy needs compared to a 700-pound steer, as outlined in the National Research Council (NRC) 2016 guidelines. These specific dietary requirements must be carefully met to ensure optimal growth and health.
Understanding winter range protein and energy levels is crucial for determining the right supplementation level. Farmers should evaluate protein supplements based on cost and nutritional value. Setting a targeted gain rate helps determine calf's dietary requirements. Consulting with extension field specialists can ensure these requirements are met effectively.
This approach to winter grazing ensures that growing calves receive the nutrition they need, paving the way for healthy development and optimal growth during these challenging months.
Photo Credit - istock-simplycreativephotography
Categories: South Dakota, Education, Livestock, Dairy Cattle